PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.
